Throughout the history of American automobiles, the Duesenberg Car has consistently held an unparalleled reputation for superior craftsmanship and engineering innovation. Often hailed by automotive historians as a synonym for scientific pioneering, Duesenbergs represent the zenith of pre-war American luxury and performance.
This article explores the captivating story of Duesenberg, a marque that produced some of the most prestigious and sought-after automobiles in the world. The journey began with the introduction of the first production Duesenberg cars to the public in 1920, marking the commencement of an era defined by luxury and groundbreaking automotive design.
The Duesenberg legacy was built by the visionary Duesenberg brothers, Frederick (1876-1932) and August (1879-1955), both born in Lippe, Germany. Affectionately known as Fred and Augie, their early endeavors involved repairing farm machinery, which naturally progressed to bicycle manufacturing in the early 1900s. Demonstrating their inventive spirit, they even developed a rotary valve engine incorporated into their bicycle designs, foreshadowing their future in automotive engineering.
In 1905, Fred Duesenberg’s automotive design prowess led to a two-cylinder car, manufactured by the Mason Motor Car Co. of Des Moines, Iowa. Later, in 1916, their path intersected with J. R. Harbeck, the managing director of Loew-Victor Manufacturing Company in Chicago, setting the stage for a new venture.
The Duesenberg Motors Company was subsequently established, leveraging the brothers’ esteemed reputation in race car development, although neither brother initially held a financial stake in this entity. Contractually bound to Duesenberg Motors until 1919, Fred and Augie contributed their expertise to a substantial manufacturing plant in Newark, NJ, boasting 187,000 square feet. This facility employed both men and women in diverse manufacturing roles, including the crucial production of components like crankshafts, essential to the robust Duesenberg engines.
Women played a vital role in the Duesenberg production process, exemplifying the meticulous quality control that became a hallmark of the brand. Female inspectors meticulously examined parts before they were integrated into the assembly line, ensuring every component met the stringent Duesenberg standards.
Female inspector meticulously examines components at the Duesenberg factory, 1918.
The production of Duesenberg cars shifted to Indianapolis, Indiana, from 1921 to 1937. Under a new agreement with “Duesenberg Auto & Motors Inc.,” the brothers sold the rights to build vehicles and engines under their celebrated name. The 1920s and 1930s witnessed the Duesenberg ascend to the throne of American luxury automobiles. Priced at a staggering $8,500 during that era, a Duesenberg car was an unequivocal statement of wealth and prestige.
Duesenberg’s marketing campaigns skillfully employed striking visuals of sophisticated men and women, reinforcing the brand’s image of exclusivity and elegance. Slogans like “She drives a Duesenberg” and “Duesenberg, the world’s finest Motor car” resonated with an aspirational clientele. During the glamorous 1930s, prominent figures like actor Gary Cooper acquired Duesenberg cars, further solidifying their status as symbols of American success and refined taste.
A display of elegant Duesenberg car accessories from 1929, showcasing the luxury marque’s attention to detail.
Throughout the roaring twenties and early thirties, the Duesenberg brothers adeptly balanced the development of iconic luxury models like the Model A, Model X, and the legendary Model J with their passion for competitive racing. Duesenberg race cars achieved significant acclaim, particularly at the prestigious Indianapolis 500, further cementing the brand’s reputation for performance and engineering excellence.
Tragedy struck in July 1932 when Fred Duesenberg was involved in a car accident on the Lincoln Highway, succumbing to pneumonia as a result of his injuries. Following Fred’s untimely passing, Augie continued to contribute his talents, playing a role in the design efforts for the Auburn Cord Duesenberg group until 1937, ensuring the Duesenberg legacy persisted even after the loss of his brother.
A classic 1931 Duesenberg advertisement highlighting the car’s elegance and sophistication.
Despite post-World War II plans to revive the Duesenberg marque, the projected manufacturing costs proved prohibitive, preventing its resurgence. In 1955, Augie Duesenberg passed away, marking the end of an era directly guided by the founding brothers.
In conclusion, the Duesenberg car remains an enduring symbol of American automotive artistry and innovation. The contributions of Frederick and August Duesenberg to the automotive industry continue to be celebrated, ensuring their legacy will inspire and captivate generations of car enthusiasts to come. The Duesenberg car stands as a testament to American ingenuity and the relentless pursuit of automotive perfection.
Bibliography
“The power of the hour.” Duesenberg Motors Corporation, 1918-1919.
Kimes, Beverly Rae and Clark Jr., Henry Austin. “Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942.” Krause Publications, 1989.
Duesenberg 1927-1929 sales catalogs.
